Biology and Paleontology of Coccolithophores (Haptophytes)
Coccolithophores have very extensive fossil records, making them an attractive group for study of microevolutionary patterns through combined study of molecular genetics, the …
Coccolithophores have very extensive fossil records, making them an attractive group for study of microevolutionary patterns through combined study of molecular genetics, the …
At any one time a single coccolithophore is attached to or surrounded by at least 30 scales. Additional coccoliths are dumped into the water when the Coccolithophores multiply asexually, die or simply …
Coccolithophores are unicellular calcifying eukaryotes with a complex life-cycle; they are important primary producers, and major drivers of global biogeochemical cycles. The majority of research on coccolithophores has been focused on open ocean waters, while the knowledge of their roles in coastal ecosystems is limited.
The coccolithophores are calcifying protists that have formed a significant part of the oceanic phytoplankton since the Jurassic. Their role in regulating the Earth system is considerable. Through their secretion of a tiny composite exoskeleton (the coccosphere made of multiple coccoliths), the coccolithophores are estimated to be responsible for …
Coccolithophores are major contributors to phytoplankton communities and ocean biogeochemistry and are strong modulators of the optical field in the sea. New …
An estimated 200 species of coccolithophores live in the modern ocean across a wide spectrum of surface ocean environments, ranging from highly productive eutrophic waters in temperate and subpolar regions to the …
Coccolithophores are closely related to a group of organisms (Haptophytes) that lack the plates. These two groups, together with some other organisms, have been classified a number of different ways. In a five-kingdom classification they are considered to be in the phylum Haptophyta in the kingdom Protista. The …
Coccolithophores are unique primary producers in the ocean with the ability to calcify. They are known to produce calcareous scales, which form the significant part of calcite oozes or chalk deposits on the seafloor. Coccolithophores are very noteworthy and they are explored to a great extent as nannofossils to reconstruct the …
Coccolithophores are one of the primary algal groups in the oceans. They are the focus of research in many disciplines due to their importance in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and stratigraphy. The book starts with a history of coccolithophore studies followed by chapters discussing coccolithophore biology, and the composition, function ...
Oceanic calcifying plankton such as coccolithophores is expected to exhibit sensitivity to climate change stressors such as warming and acidification. Observational studies on coccolithophore communities along with carbonate chemistry provide important perceptions of possible adaptations of these organisms to ocean acidification. However, …
Abstract. The biological production of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), a process termed calcification, is a key term in the marine carbon cycle. A major planktonic group responsible for such pelagic CaCO3 production (CP) is the coccolithophores, single-celled haptophytes that inhabit the euphotic zone of the ocean. Satellite-based estimates of …
For coccolithophores, their distribution has been shifting towards polar regions in recent years, and the gradually rising sea temperature is one of the key factors driving this poleward expansion (Mohan et al., 2008; Rigual Hernandez et al., 2020; Thomas et al., 2012; Winter et al., 2014). The increase in temperature provides the …
A polysaccharide layer on the cell surface of decalcified coccolithophores. Confocal microscopy imaging of decalcified coccolithophores stained with the fluorescent lectin FITC-ConA (green). Chlorophyll autofluorescence is also shown (red). The staining revealed a layer of polysaccharide on the cell surface of all five species.
Coccolithophores are globally abundant, calcifying microalgae that have profound effects on marine biogeochemical cycles, the climate, and life in the oceans.
Coccolithophores, which are considered to be the most productive calcifying organisms on earth, play an important role in the marine carbon cycle. The formation of calcite skeletons in the surface layer and their subsequent sinking to depth modifies upper-ocean...
Coccolithophores are a group of calcifying phytoplankton that can reach high abundances in the Mediterranean Sea, and whose responses to OA are modulated by temperature and nutrients.
Coccolithophores are a group of calcifying phytoplankton that can reach high abundances in the Mediterranean Sea, and whose responses to OA are modulated …
Coccolithophores produce intricate calcite scales (coccoliths) internally that they secrete onto their external surface. This review presents some recent key …
The relative timings of the chlorophyll and PIC concentration peaks are used to assess whether blooms of coccolithophores and other noncalcifying phytoplankton co-occur, and thus exhibit some degree of …
Marine plankton help mediate biogeochemical cycles throughout the Earth system, especially the movement of carbon through the ocean. Coccolithophores, a pervasive group of calcifying organisms in ...
Dr. Jeremy R. Young is a Research Associate at UCL (formerly at the Natural History Museum, London) with over 30 years of experience working on nannofossils and extant coccolithophores, with particular emphasis on integrating biological and palaeontological research. He has prime expertise in extant and Neogene coccolithophore taxonomy. He …
Coccolithophores have been prolific producers of ocean carbon - ate since the late Triassic about 225 million years ago (Ma), carpeting firstly continental shelf seas and then vast areas of open ...
Here we report novel chemical constraints on the response of the widespread coccolithophore species Ochrosphaera neapolitana (O. neapolitana) to changing-CO2 conditions.
Emiliania huxleyi is a single celled, marine phytoplankton with global distribution. As a key species for global biogeochemical cycling, a variety of strains have been amassed in various culture collections. Using a library consisting of 52 strains of E. huxleyi and an 'in house' enzyme screening program, we have assessed the functional …
Coccolithophores and diatoms have often been studied alongside each other as they have distinct onsets in the seasonal phytoplankton succession and their unique physiological adaptations and ecological niches are apparent on both ecological and geological time scales (21–23).One recent hypothesis suggests that OAE could have a …
Coccolithophores are marine calcifying phytoplankton important to the carbon cycle and a model organism for studying diversity. Here, we present CASCADE (Coccolithophore Abundance, Size, Carbon ...
Coccolithophores were present at all of the sites sampled within the Celtic Sea during spring. By assuming a chlorophyll-a content of 0.34 pg cell −1 (the average content for E. huxleyi) (Daniels et al., 2014) coccolithophores generally displayed very low estimated contributions to total chlorophyll-a (≤2.4%) along with PP (≤1.3%) (Table 2).
The functional group of coccolithophores consists of calcifying eukaryotic unicellular phytoplankton that produces minuscule CaCO 3 structures, named coccoliths, surrounding the cell, and forming a coccosphere. Coccolithophores occupy an important role in carbon cycling dynamics over short and geological time scales due to the process …
Background Coccolithophores are one of the major components of marine phytoplankton and also one of the most prominent members of haptophyte algae. Studies of the extant coccolithophores started more than half a century ago in New Zealand waters, and with two exceptions, were limited to only a few relatively small areas close to shore. …
The living coccolithophores are marine, unicellular, flagellate phytoplankton, belonging to the phylum Haptophyta and division Prymnesiophyceae. Haptophyte algae have golden-brown chloroplasts, an exoskeleton of scales and a unique flagella-like structure, known as the haptonema. Within the Haptophyta, only the coccolithophores produce ...
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